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Middle Mongol language
Middle Mongol or Middle Mongolian was a Mongolic koiné language spoken in the Mongol Empire. Originating from Genghis Khan's home region of northeastern Mongolia, it diversified into several Mongolic languages after the collapse of the empire. In comparison to Modern Mongolian, it is known to have had no long vowels, different vowel harmony and verbal systems and a slightly different case system.
==Definition and historical precessors==
Middle Mongol is close to Proto-Mongolic, the ancestor language of the modern Mongolic languages, which would to set at the time when Genghis Khan united a number of tribes under his command and formed the Mongol clan federation.〔Janhunen 2003a: 2-3〕 The term "Middle Mongol" is somewhat misleading as what would generally by language naming rules be termed "Old Mongolian" in this terminology is actually Proto-Mongolic. The existence of another ("old") Mongol clan federation in Mongolia during the 12th century is historical, but there is no language material from this period.〔For a fine-grained discussion on this matter, see de Rachewiltz 1999〕 The Khitan language seems to share a common ancestor with Proto-Mongolic, thus is further remote.〔Janhunen 2003b: 391-394〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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